Did you know that everyone watching this video, underneath their clothes, is
absolutely naked. Something to think about and more about that in a minute.
Now today we are looking at three advanced pronunciation rules that you
might not know. Now the rules I have here are relatively easy to follow. They don't
require any complicated tongue gymnastics English pronunciation is
sometimes quite difficult - rather the spelling and the pronunciation don't
match but here are a few rules that you can follow right now that will bring
your pronunciation and your comprehension, up a notch and if you have
an advanced level of English these are rules that you should know so let's go.
So look at this word and tell me the correct pronunciation L E A R N E D
C it depends it could be either. or d learnt? Now you should know be by now I'm
not going to give you an easy question congratulations to those who said C if
you said D in fact the past tense and the past participle of the verb to learn
can be regular or irregular learned or learnt both are correct so why is the
answer C? well you have an advanced level of English so I'm sure you know already
the pronunciation of the past of regular verbs.
So for example stop- stopped jump- jumped like- liked move- moved rain-
rained. You only add an extra syllable if the sound at the end of the word is a D
or a T sound wait- waited end- ended rate- rated but as
I said I'm not covering that in this video you have an advanced level already
so you should know this you'll have to look elsewhere for those rules in more
detail however the point is that adjectives in English that end in E D,
adjectives that are not formed from the past participle of a verb are pronounced
differently the E D at the end of the word IS
pronounced it's pronounced as -ID so let's have a look at some examples well
firstly the sentence we looked at at the beginning of the video contains the word
NAKED that's right NAK-ID this is an adjective there is no
verb to nake so it's always an adjective I have heard learners say "nak'd"
but that's not correct it's NAKED "They swam naked in the sea"
another word BELOVED,BELOV-ID occasionally I've heard "belov'd" recently
by native speakers but that's not really the standard form ok so the correct
form is belov-id. So for example "my beloved friend" but the verb, by the way,
is to love of course there is no verb "to belove" okay so "she loved him" that's
regular but the adjective is BELOVED. WRETCHED which means to be in a bad or
unfortunate situation "I've had a wretched day". WICKED "The Dictator is a
wicked man". I'll let you add the name of the dictator yourself. SACRED
another adjective SACRED "This holy site is sacred."
CROOKED that means not straight "the door is crooked." RUGGED meaning with a lot of
rocks "the rugged terrain" now it gets a bit complicated when you have words
which are both adjectives and verbs there are a few LEARNED and LEARNED [LEARN-ID] the
question I gave you earlier the verb is to learn okay "I learned a lot from this
lesson" when it's an adjective to describe a person
it's LEARNED [LEARN-ID' "You are a learned teacher" LEARNED means wise or
knowledgeable. "my learned friend" AGED now as a verb
it's AGED "the wine is aged for three years" as an adjective is AGED [AGE-ID] "this
weekend I'm going to visit my aged grandparents" BLESSED as a verb it's
BLESSED "the preacher blessed the congregation"
as an adjective it's BLESSED [BLESS-ID]. "Blessed be the
meek" that's a quote from the Bible I believe.
Now the second point is also about words
that can have more than one pronunciation in this case whether it's
a verb or a noun or a verb or an adjective as we'll see in a moment I've
got an example of that and today we're looking at some common words with S so
if you see H O U S E you think ah that's pronounced HOUSE don't you? don't
you? well, yes and no, if it's a noun yes its house but if it's a verb its
HOUSE [HOWZ] to house "I live in a big house" while the verb is pronounced HOUSE [HOWZ]
notice the pronunciation shift of the S to the Z sounds.
For example "These van Gogh paintings are housed in a museum". "We want to house the
homeless" To HOUSE by the way means "to provide accommodation for" now let's
look at USE [UZE] To use. If it's a verb but also has this S - Z. The
verb is more common TO USE "I use the Metro every day" but the noun is USE [YOUSE]
"the use of social media during working hours is prohibited." Now
TO CLOSE [CLOZE] is a verb has Z sound "please close the door" but there's an adjective
different meaning. CLOSE [CLOWSE] which is pronounced differently. "I live close
to the station" in some other words we also have this verb shift with the S
and the Z but it's reflected in the spelling which is more helpful so
let's have a look at a few examples of that. ADVISE and ADVICE so to advise has
an S and a piece of advice has a C. "Let me advise you with some advice" we have
GRASS and to GRAZE ok different words but you can see the S to Z shift from
the noun and the verb "the cattle grazed on the grass". You have GLASS and
to GLAZE you glaze a window. Put the glass in. by the way, we do have a video
about this and some other cases where verbs and nouns are pronounced
differently and I'll leave a link in the description.
Now this next rule is mostly for British English
I believe, but even if you are learning American English or English from another
part of the english-speaking world you need to understand British English so
listen out for this one. So rule is TU when it has the vowel sound OOH is
usually pronounced CH like CH as in church so for example TUTOR, TUNE, TUNA
TULIP, TUBE TUESDAY there are some people that will say T but TUESDAY but far
the most common pronunciation is the CH Tuesday [CHOOSE-DAY] I say TUESDAY this also works
for the -TURE suffix within words it's usually
pronounced with a CH in British English: LECTURE, LITERATURE, MATURE,
RAPTURE, CAPTURE, PICTURE, CULTURE. I teach in Paris and I hear this
pronounced every day as COOLTYOUR "India has an interesting 'cooltyour'" no it's
pronounced culture [kulcha]. Nature. "The picture captures the nature of the culture."
"I will lecture about the temperature of the structure" "You can tune a guitar but
you can't tuna fish". "Around the rugged rocks the wretched rascal ran"